What are the factors affecting drug action?

This chapter, therefore, deals with the following factors which modify drug action: (1) route of administration, (2) rate and degree of absorption, (3) rate of elimination, (4) effect of other drugs, (5) tolerance, (6) idiosyncrasy and allergy, (7) disease.

What affects onset of action?

The onset of action at the neuromuscular junction depends on the degree of lipophilicity, binding to proteins, the rate at which the drug reaches the neuromuscular junction, the potency of the drug, its metabolism, and its excretion [43].

What is onset of drug action?

Listen to pronunciation. (… AK-shun) The length of time it takes for a medicine to start to work.

What are the factors that modify the duration and intensity of drug effect?

Abstract. Duration of drug action depends on several factors: the absolute amount of drug given; the pharmaceutical preparation; the reversibility of drug action; the half-life of the drug; the slope of the concentration-response curve; the activity of metabolites, and the influence of disease on drug elimination.

What affects the onset of local anesthetics?

The onset of local anesthetics are dependent on the anesthetic technique utilized. The shortest onset time is encountered after intrathecal or subcutaneous administration, the longest occurs with peripheral nerve blocks. Variations are due to anatomy and amount of drug utilized.

What are the factors related to drug activity and duration of drug action?

Duration of drug action depends on several factors: the absolute amount of drug given; the pharmaceutical preparation; the reversibility of drug action; the half-life of the drug; the slope of the concentration-response curve; the activity of metabolites, and the influence of disease on drug elimination.

Why is it important to know onset of the drug?

In reviewing the various options, it is important to consider how quickly a medication will work (onset), when the medication will reach maximum effectiveness (peak), and how long the pain relief will last (duration).

What are the factors affecting drug absorption PDF?

Formulation factors. a. disintegration time.

  • Disintegration time: ✓Rapid disintegration is important to have a rapid absorption so lower. D.T is required.
  • Manufacturing variables: – a) Method of granulation:
  • Nature and type of dosage form.
  • Product age and storage conditions : ✓Product aging and improper storage conditions.

    • What are the factors affecting drug absorption Slideshare?

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    How does pKa affect local anesthetic?

    As rate of diffusion across the nerve sheath and nerve membrane is related to the proportion of non-ionised drug, local anaesthetics with low pKa have a fast onset of action, and local anaesthetics with a high pKa have a slow onset of action.

    What is the mechanism of action of local anesthetics?

    Mechanism of action of local anesthetics — LAs reversibly inhibit nerve transmission by binding voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav) in the nerve plasma membrane. Nav channels are integral membrane proteins, anchored in the plasma membrane.