What does the Kaluza Klein theory state?

In physics, Kaluza–Klein theory (KK theory) is a classical unified field theory of gravitation and electromagnetism built around the idea of a fifth dimension beyond the common 4D of space and time and considered an important precursor to string theory.

What force did Theodor Kaluza’s extra dimension describe?

Theodor Kaluza (1885–1954) set forth his idea of unifying gravitation and electromagnetism within five-dimensional space-time in a paper from the beginning of 1919.

What is the 5th dimension?

The fifth dimension is a micro-dimension which is accepted in physics and mathematics. It’s here to have a nice and seamless tie between gravity and electromagnetism, or the main fundamental forces, which seem unrelated in the regular four-dimensional spacetime.

Are humans in 3D or 4D?

The 3D volumetric structure or form of human facial features contains spatial dimensions of breadth, height and width, combined with a unique surface pattern. The 4D temporal pattern of the human face encompasses all dynamic movement and changes to this 3D spatial form that evolve with time.

What are the elements of Kaluza theory?

In his 1921 paper, Kaluza established all the elements of the classical five-dimensional theory: the metric, the field equations, the equations of motion, the stress–energy tensor, and the cylinder condition. With no free parameters, it merely extends general relativity to five dimensions.

What is Kaluza-Klein theory?

In physics, Kaluza–Klein theory ( KK theory) is a classical unified field theory of gravitation and electromagnetism built around the idea of a fifth dimension beyond the common 4D of space and time and considered an important precursor to string theory. Gunnar Nordström had an earlier, similar idea.

What is The bibcode for the Kaluza Klein equation of motion?

Bibcode: 1984PhLA..106..410G. doi: 10.1016/0375-9601 (84)90980-0. ^ Wesson, P.S.; Ponce de Leon, J. (1995). “The equation of motion in Kaluza–Klein cosmology and its implications for astrophysics”.

Why is the Kaluza Klein manifold 5 dimensional?

acts as a coupling constant between the gravitational field and the electromagnetic field. If the base manifold is four-dimensional, the Kaluza–Klein manifold P is five-dimensional. The fifth dimension is a compact space, and is called the compact dimension.