What is the CYP1A2 enzyme?

CYP1A2 is a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes. The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids.

What drugs are metabolized by CYP1A2?

CYP1A2 plays an important role in metabolism of drugs like clozapine, olanzapine, fluvoxamine, haloperidol, theophylline; biotransformation of endogenous compounds like melatonin, bilirubin, estrogens, procarcinogens, aflatoxin B1, and aromatic/heterocyclic amines as well as caffeine (Gunes and Dahl, 2008).

Does caffeine inhibit CYP1A2?

Earlier evidence suggests that melatonin is almost exclusively metabolised by CYP1A2 and could serve as a probe drug for CYP1A2 phenotyping. However, caffeine inhibits the metabolism of melatonin by CYP1A2 and dietary caffeine could be a potential confounder for the measurement of CYP1A2 activity with melatonin.

What are CYP1A2 and CYP3A drugs?

CYP1A2 and CYP3A are members of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes. The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids.

What are strong CYP1A2 inhibitors?

A selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor used to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder. An antiandrogen used in the treatment of prostate cancer.

Where is CYP1A2 located?

chromosome 15
The human CYP1A2 gene is located on chromosome 15 and contains seven exons. The coding region starts at nucleotide 10 of exon 2.

What is CYP1A2 ultrarapid metabolizer?

CYP1A2 metabolizes some pro-carcinogens from tobacco smoke into carcinogens. It also helps to turn aflatoxins (molds found in grains) into active compounds involved in liver cancer. Once CYP1A2 metabolizes these carcinogens, the body must eliminate them.

How do you increase CYP1A2 enzymes?

In humans, CYP1A2 activity, as measured by caffeine metabolite ratios, is increased by cigarette smoke (7,8), cruciferous vegetables (9,10) and well-cooked meat (11). Certain drugs and a few dietary constituents (12–14) have been associated with reduced CYP1A2 activity in vivo.