How citric acid is prepared from molasses?

Citric acid is manufactured by fermentation of cane sugar or molasses in the presence of a fungus, Aspergillus niger ATCC 9142. Fermentation of sugar by the mold Aspergillus niger ATCC 9142 is the chief commercial source of the acid.

What is the process for making citric acid?

Citric acid is exclusively produced by fermentation with filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger. The industrial production is performed using carbohydrates or agro-industrial residues as substrates by three different type processes: submerged, surface, and solid fermentations.

Why does Aspergillus niger produce citric acid?

Citric acid is the most important organic acid produced in tonnage and is extensively used in food and pharmaceutical industries. It is produced mainly by submerged fermentation using Aspergillus niger or Candida sp. from different sources of carbohydrates, such as molasses and starch based media.

Which organism is used for production of citric acid?

fungus Aspergillus niger
Although citric acid is produced by different types of microorganism, the filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger is a workhorse for the production of citric acid.

Which substrate is used for fermentation of citric acid?

In control production medium, the initial pH 6.5 is gradually reduced to 1.5 during fermentation. Sucrose is the substrate for citric acid production in this medium.

Which chemical is used to detection of citric acid?

Pour 20 ml of the citric acid solution into an Erlenmeyer flask and add a couple of drops of thymol blue indicator. We found out that thymol blue is the best option as an indicator for this activity.

Which of the following product acts as a substrate for the production of citric acid?

Which of the following product acts as a substrate for the production of citric acid? Explanation: Many sugars may serve as the substrate for the production of citric acid, however, molasses is generally used.

Which is the most common method for citric acid production?

Submerged fermentation
Explanation: Submerged fermentation is the most common method for the production of citric acid. It is the most commonly employed technique and it is estimated that about 80 % of the world production of citric acid is obtained by submerged fermentation.

What is product by Aspergillus niger?

Aspergillus niger is a fungal microbe of great industrial importance. This mold is used extensively in the production of citric acid and in the production of several enzymes such as amylases, pectinases, and proteases (Godfrey and West, 1996).

Which acid is produced by Aspergillus niger?

Oxalic acid production by Aspergillus niger: an oxalate-non-producing mutant produces citric acid at pH 5 and in the presence of manganese. Microbiology (Reading).

Which of the following microorganism is useful for the preparation of citric acid from molasses?

Aspergillus niger
Aspergillus niger is used for the formation of citric acid in industries.

How can we detect the presence of citric acid?

Citric Acid Testing

  1. Approaches. Confirmation of the identity of citric acid is accomplished by using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.
  2. Sample Considerations. As a raw material, citric acid is analyzed as a solid powder.
  3. Experience.