How does HELLP syndrome cause DIC?

The process of DIC is initiated through the activation of tissue factor (TF), which is found in subendothelial cells, amniotic fluid, and placenta. DIC is seen in severe forms of preeclampsia with hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome.

Why DIC occurs in preeclampsia?

The DIC syndrome is the most common cause of an abnormal hemorrhage tendency during pregnancy and the puerperium and reflects systemic activation of the coagulation cascade by circulating thromboplastic material, with secondary activation of the fibrinolytic system.

What is the difference between DIC and HELLP syndrome?

The prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and serum fibrinogen levels are normal in HELLP syndrome but are prolonged in DIC. Evaluation of more sensitive markers of DIC, such as antithrombin III, α-2 antiplasmin, plasminogens, fibrin monomer and D-dimers, differentiates DIC from HELLP syndrome.

What are the causes of DIC?

Causes

  • Blood transfusion reaction.
  • Cancer, especially certain types of leukemia.
  • Inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis)
  • Infection in the blood, especially by bacteria or fungus.
  • Liver disease.
  • Pregnancy complications (such as placenta that is left behind after delivery)
  • Recent surgery or anesthesia.

What’s the difference between DIC and Hellp?

What can trigger DIC?

What is a classic symptom of DIC?

Pain, redness, warmth, and swelling in the lower leg if blood clots form in the deep veins of your leg. Headaches, speech changes, paralysis (an inability to move), dizziness, and trouble speaking and understanding if blood clots form in the blood vessels in your brain. These signs and symptoms may indicate a stroke.

What condition increases risk of DIC?

Risk factors for DIC include: Blood transfusion reaction. Cancer, especially certain types of leukemia. Inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis)