Is osteocalcin a bone marker?

Osteocalcin is a bone matrix protein, which is specific for bone metabolism and it is not influenced by metabolic bone disorders. Osteocalcin is an important marker of bone turnover in physiological and pathological conditions.

What are the markers of bone formation and resorption?

Markers that are specific to bone formation include bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP), osteocalcin, and N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP); markers specific to bone resorption include N-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (NTX), C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), and …

What is released during bone resorption?

Bone resorption is resorption of bone tissue, that is, the process by which osteoclasts break down the tissue in bones and release the minerals, resulting in a transfer of calcium from bone tissue to the blood.

What are the biomarkers for bone resorption?

The bone resorption biomarkers are hydroxyproline (HYP), hydroxylysine (HYL), deoxypyridinoline (DPD), pyridinoline (PYD), bone sialoprotein (BSP), osteopontin (OP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRAP 5b), carboxy-terminal crosslinked telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX-1), amino-terminal crosslinked …

How is osteocalcin released?

In response to insulin, undercarboxylated osteocalcin is produced by the osteoblast or released from the bone matrix by the low pH of the osteoclast resorption pit and enters the circulation where it acts as a hormone.

What is serum osteocalcin a marker of?

Serum osteocalcin is a valid marker of the bone turnover when the resorption and formation are coupled and it is a specific marker of the bone formation when the formation and resorption are uncoupled.

What is osteocalcin test?

An Osteocalcin Blood Test is used to test the osteocalcin protein that is found in bone and teeth.

What do bone markers indicate?

Bone markers are blood and urine tests that detect products of bone remodeling to help determine if the rate of bone resorption and/or formation is abnormally increased, suggesting a potential bone disorder.

What is P1NP bone marker?

Bone formation biomarkers are P1NP, total alkaline phosphatase, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase or osteocalcin. P1NP is a peptide derived from posttranslational cleavage of type I procollagen molecules by proteases during collagen deposition by osteoblasts.

What are the steps in bone resorption?

The remodeling cycle consists of three consecutive phases: resorption, during which osteoclasts digest old bone; reversal, when mononuclear cells appear on the bone surface; and formation, when osteoblasts lay down new bone until the resorbed bone is completely replaced.

What triggers osteocalcin release?

What does osteocalcin measure?

Osteocalcin, incorporated into the bone matrix, is released into the circulation from the matrix during bone resorption and, hence, is considered a marker of bone turnover rather than a specific marker of bone formation.