What are the four major indications of Caesarean section?

The most common indications for primary cesarean delivery include labor dystocia, abnormal or indeterminate fetal heart rate tracing, fetal malpresentation, multiple gestation, and suspected fetal macrosomia.

Why would you need a decompressive craniectomy?

The most common reasons for a decompressive craniectomy are: Traumatic brain injury (TBI): This is an injury to the brain caused by physical force. It can occur after any experience that results in a sharp blow to the head. With a TBI, brain swelling is usually immediate.

What is the point of a craniectomy?

A craniectomy is a type of surgery to remove a portion of your skull. This helps relieve extra pressure on your brain. Your brain sits inside the strong bones of your skull. These bones help protect your brain.

What is the survival rate of decompressive craniectomy?

The mortality rates at 1 month after treatment were 27% in the unilateral decompressive craniectomy group and 57% in the control group. At 1 year follow up, good neurological outcome (GOS Score of 4–5) were 56.8% for the decompressive craniectomy group and 32.4% for the control group (p = 0.035).

What is the indication for cesarean?

The most common indications for primary cesarean delivery include, in order of frequency, labor dystocia, abnormal or indeterminate (formerly, nonreassuring) fetal heart rate tracing, fetal malpresentation, multiple gestation, and suspected fetal macrosomia.

How effective is decompressive craniectomy?

Results of a case series of 33 patients with severe TBI who underwent decompressive craniectomy showed that the long-term (3 years) results justify the use of decompressive craniectomy; good clinical results were seen in up to 40% of patients who were otherwise most likely to die.

What bone is removed in a craniectomy?

After the brain surgery, the surgeon replaces the bone flap and attaches it to the surrounding bone with small titanium plates and screws. If part of the skull bone is removed and not replaced right away, it is called craniectomy.

How long does a decompressive craniectomy take?

Depending on the underlying problem being treated, the surgery can take 3 to 5 hours or longer. You will lie on the operating table and be given general anesthesia.

What is the most common reason for performing a cesarean section?

Stalled labor is one of the most common reasons for a C-section. Stalled labor might occur if your cervix isn’t opening enough despite strong contractions over several hours. Your baby is in distress. If your health care provider is concerned about changes in your baby’s heartbeat, a C-section might be the best option.

What is a decompressive craniectomy?

A decompressive craniectomy is brain surgery that removes a portion of the skull. When the brain swells following an injury, the pressure in the brain can build inside the skull, causing further damage.

Does decompressive craniectomy improve prognosis of severe TCE and Sylvian infarction?

While decompressive craniectomy is likely to improve the vital prognosis of severe TCE and malignant sylvian infarction, it is essential that the functional prognosis and quality of life of surviving patients be assessed.

What is a craniectomy and how is it performed?

A craniectomy begins with a cut in the scalp. The surgeon peels back the skin and tissue underneath it to reveal the skull. Because the skull is a hard bone, the doctor will use a drill, and a bone saw to cut into it. Once the surgeon has removed the bone, they will stop any bleeding before closing the wound with stitches.

What happens to the brain after a craniectomy?

Following a craniectomy, it is essential to protect the brain from further injury. This usually requires the individual to wear a custom-fitted helmet for several weeks to several months. Less frequently, a person might wear a temporary brain implant to stabilize the brain and skull. A surgeon will remove this implant at a later date.