What is cooling water discharge?

For the purpose of this guideline ‘cooling water’ refers to any fluid emanating from single pass cooling devices, contained waters used in evaporative cooling systems, cooling towers and closed-loop cooling circuits. Key trade waste quality requirements.

What does a cooling tower release?

In fact, what they actually release is water vapour – similar to, but nowhere near as hot, as the steam coming out of your kettle every morning. And this probably isn’t the only thing you never knew about cooling towers.

How much water evaporates from a cooling tower?

Water Make-Up Requirements of Cooling Towers Approximately 1,000 BTU’s are required to evaporate . 12 gallons of water. Therefore, every tower ton (15,000 BTU/hr) requires approximately 1.8 gallons of water evaporation, or . 03 gpm/ton.

What is non contact cooling water?

Cooling Water (non-contact) means water used for cooling purposes only that has no direct contact with any raw material, intermediate product, final product, or waste, and that does not contain a detectable level of contaminants higher than that of the intake water (for example, the water discharged from uses such as …

Can cooling water be recycled?

Recycled water for cooling tower can reduce water replacement of make-up water, but the level of nutrient of water will increase.

How do cooling towers reduce water loss?

There are frequently three ways to reduce water consumption in a cooling tower: 1) Changing wet cooling tower to hybrid or dry cooling tower, 2) Reduction in blowdown with increasing of concentration cycles and 3) Using air to air heat exchanger on the cooling tower.

What is the principle of cooling tower?

Cooling towers use this same principle of evaporative cooling to cool a continuous flow of water. Cooling towers are essentially large boxes designed to maximize evaporation of water. To do this, they contain material, typically PVC plastic sheets, that create large surface areas for water evaporation to occur.

What is cooling tower fill?

Fill, or wet deck or surface, is a medium used in cooling towers to increase the surface area of the tower. Increased surface area allows for maximum contact between the air and the water, which allows for greater evaporation rates.

What is TDS in cooling towers?

Total dissolved solids (TDS): TDS in the circulating water is limited to 5,000 ppm maximum. Although TDS can be as high as 5,000 ppm in the circulating water, there are limits on individual ions such as calcium, which is typically limited to maximum 800 ppm as CaCO3.