What is nuclear receptor superfamily?

Nuclear receptors (NRs) are a family of transcription factors that regulate numerous physiological processes such as metabolism, reproduction, inflammation, as well as the circadian rhythm. NRs sense changes in lipid metabolite levels to drive differential gene expression, producing distinct physiologic effects.

How many receptor superfamilies are there?

seven subfamilies
NRs are divided into seven subfamilies.19, 20 A list of receptors, subfamilies, and their ligands are shown in Table ​1.

What is the function of nuclear receptors?

Nuclear hormone receptors are acting as transcription factors in the cell nucleus. They regulate gene expression of hormonal regulated target genes. The role of hormone in the transcriptional process is to modulate and change the nuclear receptor functionality.

What hormone binds to nuclear receptors?

Nuclear receptors are a family of ligand-regulated transcription factors that are activated by steroid hormones, such as estrogen and progesterone, and various other lipid-soluble signals, including retinoic acid, oxysterols, and thyroid hormone (Mangelsdorf et al. 1995).

How many types of nuclear receptors are there?

48 nuclear receptors
Nuclear receptors are classically defined as ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate key functions in reproduction, development, and physiology. Humans have 48 nuclear receptors, which when dysregulated are often linked to diseases.

What is nuclear receptor in pharmacology?

Nuclear receptors are ligand-activated transcription factors and include the receptors for steroid hormones, lipophilic vitamins, sterols, and bile acids. These receptors serve as targets for development of myriad drugs that target a range of disorders.

What are the types of nuclear receptors?

According to this classification, nuclear receptors are grouped in seven subfamilies: NR1, NR2, NR3, NR4, NR5, NR6, and NR0. An interesting fact: this classification matches the DNA-binding characteristics of the members of each subfamily, but not their ligand binding characteristics.

What are the 4 types of cell-surface receptors?

Cell surface receptors are generally classified into the following categories:

  • Ligand-gated ion channel-linked receptors.
  • Enzyme-linked receptors.
  • G-protein-linked receptors.

What is an example of a nuclear receptor?

Nuclear receptors are receptors located inside the cell. These receptors are found either in the cytoplasm (Type I) or the nucleus (Type II) of a cell. Examples include: estrogen, glucocorticoids, thyroid hormone T3 or vitamins D and A.