What is the function of HMG-CoA reductase?

Function. HMG-CoA Reductase (or 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase or HMGR) is the rate-controlling enzyme of the mevalonate pathway, responsible for cholesterol and other isoprenoid biosynthesis. HMGR is a transmembrane protein, containing 8 domains, that is anchored in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum …

What is the role of HMG-CoA reductase in the liver?

HMG-CoA reductase (HMGR) catalyzes the rate-controlling step in cholesterol production. This enzyme is highly expressed in the liver, where it is subject to extensive hormonal and dietary regulation.

What is the meaning of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors?

Listen to pronunciation. (HMG-koh-A ree-DUK-tays in-HIH-bih-ter) A substance that blocks an enzyme needed by the body to make cholesterol and lowers the amount of cholesterol in the blood. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor drugs are called statins.

What is the product of HMG-CoA reductase?

mevalonate
HMG-CoA is the precursor for cholesterol synthesis. HMG-CoA is formed by condensation of acetyl-CoA and acetoacetyl-CoA, catalyzed by HMG-CoA synthase. HMG-CoA reductase catalyzes the production of mevalonate from HMG-CoA, in which the HMG-CoA reductase reaction is the rate-limiting step for cholesterol synthesis.

What is a common side effect of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors?

The most common statin side effects include:

  • Headache.
  • Difficulty sleeping.
  • Flushing of the skin.
  • Muscle aches, tenderness, or weakness (myalgia)
  • Drowsiness.
  • Dizziness.
  • Nausea or vomiting.
  • Abdominal cramping or pain.

Does HMG-CoA reductase make cholesterol?

3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase produces mevalonate, an important intermediate in the synthesis of cholesterol and essential nonsterol isoprenoids.

What are the major side effects of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors statins used to treat high cholesterol?

What are statin side effects?

  • Muscle pain and damage. One of the most common complaints of people taking statins is muscle pain.
  • Liver damage. Occasionally, statin use could cause an increase in the level of enzymes that signal liver inflammation.
  • Increased blood sugar or type 2 diabetes.
  • Neurological side effects.

Can statins cause liver damage?

Very rarely, statins can cause life-threatening muscle damage called rhabdomyolysis (rab-doe-my-OL-ih-sis). Rhabdomyolysis can cause severe muscle pain, liver damage, kidney failure and death. The risk of very serious side effects is extremely low, and calculated in a few cases per million people taking statins.