Which drugs are nephrotoxic?

Certain drugs are inherently nephrotoxic and include aminoglycosides, amphotericin B, cisplatin, contrast dye, and cyclosporine. For others, such as those associated with chronic interstitial nephritis and crystal deposition, nephrotoxicity is dose dependant or related to prolonged duration of treatment.

Is paracetamol a nephrotoxic drug?

Paracetamol is a phenacetin metabolite (5). Phenacetin was considered one of the most nephrotoxic analgesics and has now been withdrawn from the market in most countries (6). A chronic nephrotoxic effect of therapeutic dosing of paracetamol is suggested by case-control studies (7–9⇓⇓).

What medications raise creatinine levels?

Several drugs, such as cimetidine, trimethoprim, corticosteroids, pyrimethamine, phenacemide, salicylates and active vitamin D metabolites, have been reported to increase plasma creatinine without influencing its glomerular filtration.

Which antibiotics damage kidneys?

Aminoglycosides (gentamicin and amikacin), amphotericin B, vancomycin, beta-lactam antibiotics (cefazolin and ceftriaxone) in monotherapy and combination therapy were the causes of acute kidney injury in most of the patients.

Is metformin a nephrotoxic drug?

Metformin itself is not a nephrotoxic drug. Initially appointed as the safest hypoglycemic agent in chronic kidney disease, its use has been limited in these patients because of the perceived risk of lactic acidosis.

Are NSAIDs nephrotoxic?

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used medications associated with nephrotoxicity, especially when used chronically. Factors such as advanced age and comorbidities, which in themselves already lead to a decrease in glomerular filtration rate, increase the risk of NSAID-related nephrotoxicity.

Can vitamin D raise creatinine?

Vitamin D receptor activation has been associated with increased serum creatinine and reduced estimated glomerular filtration rates, raising concerns that its use may be detrimental to kidney function.

What is the best medicine to lower creatinine?

The antibiotic trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and the H2-blocker cimetidine are 2 commonly used drugs that decrease the secretion of creatinine.